Which of the following molecules exhibits ionic bonding?
Ionic bonding is a type of chemical bond that involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of positively and negatively charged ions. This type of bonding is commonly found in compounds where there is a significant difference in electronegativity between the atoms involved. In this article, we will explore some molecules and determine which of them exhibit ionic bonding.
One of the most well-known examples of a molecule with ionic bonding is sodium chloride (NaCl), commonly known as table salt. In this compound, sodium (Na) donates an electron to chlorine (Cl), resulting in the formation of Na+ and Cl- ions. These ions are held together by strong electrostatic forces, creating an ionic bond.
Another molecule that exhibits ionic bonding is calcium oxide (CaO). Calcium (Ca) has a tendency to lose two electrons, while oxygen (O) has a tendency to gain two electrons. This electron transfer results in the formation of Ca2+ and O2- ions, which are then held together by ionic bonds.
Potassium bromide (KBr) is another example of a molecule with ionic bonding. Potassium (K) donates one electron to bromine (Br), forming K+ and Br- ions. These ions are attracted to each other, creating an ionic bond.
However, not all molecules exhibit ionic bonding. For instance, water (H2O) is a covalent compound, where the oxygen atom shares electrons with the hydrogen atoms. Similarly, carbon dioxide (CO2) is also a covalent compound, with the carbon atom sharing electrons with the oxygen atoms.
In conclusion, among the given molecules, sodium chloride (NaCl), calcium oxide (CaO), and potassium bromide (KBr) exhibit ionic bonding. These compounds consist of ions held together by strong electrostatic forces, making them excellent examples of ionic bonding in chemistry.
