Which of the following DNA base pairs is complementary?
The structure of DNA is fundamental to understanding genetics and molecular biology. At the heart of this structure lies the concept of base pairing, where specific nucleotide bases form hydrogen bonds with each other. This complementary base pairing is crucial for DNA replication, transcription, and the accurate transmission of genetic information. In this article, we will explore the different DNA base pairs and determine which ones are complementary to each other.
DNA is composed of four types of nucleotide bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). These bases pair up in a specific manner to maintain the double helix structure of DNA. Adenine always pairs with thymine, and cytosine always pairs with guanine. This pairing is known as complementary base pairing.
The complementary nature of these base pairs is essential for the stability and functionality of DNA. When DNA is replicated, the enzyme DNA polymerase reads the template strand and synthesizes a new complementary strand. Similarly, during transcription, RNA polymerase reads the DNA template strand and produces a complementary RNA molecule. The accuracy of these processes relies on the correct pairing of nucleotide bases.
Now, let’s address the question: which of the following DNA base pairs is complementary? The answer is straightforward:
– Adenine (A) is complementary to thymine (T).
– Cytosine (C) is complementary to guanine (G).
These base pairs are held together by hydrogen bonds, with A-T pairs forming two hydrogen bonds and C-G pairs forming three hydrogen bonds. This hydrogen bonding contributes to the strength and stability of the DNA double helix.
In summary, understanding which DNA base pairs are complementary is vital for comprehending the structure and function of DNA. Adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine, ensuring the accurate transmission of genetic information across generations.
